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securities fraud
Securities fraud, also known as stock fraud and investment fraud, is a deceptive practice in the stock or commodities markets that induces investors to make purchase or sale decisions on the basis of false information, frequently resulting in losses, in violation of securities laws.〔("Securities Fraud Awareness & Prevention Tips ) faq by FBI, accessed February 11, 2013〕 Offers of risky investment opportunities to unsophisticated investors who are unable to evaluate risk adequately and cannot afford loss of capital is a central problem.
Securities fraud can also include outright theft from investors (embezzlement by stockbrokers), stock manipulation, misstatements on a public company's financial reports, and lying to corporate auditors. The term encompasses a wide range of other actions, including insider trading, front running and other illegal acts on the trading floor of a stock or commodity exchange.〔(Testimony Concerning Insider Trading ), Linda Chatman Thomsen, Director, Division of Enforcement, U.S. Securities and Exchange Commission〕〔San Francisco FBI web link, supra〕
==Types of securities fraud==
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